Measurement based noiseless linear amplifier and its applications towards a quantum repeater
We implemented a measurement-based noiseless linear amplifier and use it to amplify arbitrary coherent states. The amplification events are probabilistic but heralded, yielding outputs that suffer less noise than those amplified by a deterministic amplifier. We experimentally demonstrated its use to
(A) recover EPR entanglement lost through a lossy transmission,
(B)
clone arbitrary coherent states with fidelity better than the deterministic cloning limit and
(C) increase the signal to noise ratio of information carrying coherent states.